Population and biomass dynamics of trees in a northern hardwood forest at Hubbard Brook

نویسندگان

  • Thomas G. Siccama
  • Timothy J. Fahey
  • Chris E. Johnson
  • Thomas W. Sherry
  • Ellen G. Denny
  • E. Binney Girdler
  • Gene E. Likens
  • Paul A. Schwarz
چکیده

We quantified the dynamics of the tree stratum at Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF), New Hampshire, to examine why live biomass reached a plateau in about 1980. Total aboveground biomass increased from 209 Mg ha–1 in 1981 to 216 Mg ha–1 in 2001. From 1991 to 2001, in-growth of ‡10 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) trees averaged 4.7 trees ha–1 year –1 with a corresponding in-growth biomass of 0.29 Mg ha–1 year–1. Mortality of trees ‡10 cm DBH averaged 5.3 trees ha–1 year–1 (1.12% of trees year–1). Dying trees represented 2.24 Mg ha–1 year–1 of aboveground biomass from 1991 to 2001. The biomass pools of standing dead, snags, and coarse woody debris in this forest currently are near steady state with residence times of 7.5, 15, and 6.2 years, respectively. The plateau in live biomass was mostly associated with lower wood production. Aboveground net primary productivity was estimated at 6.53 Mg ha–1 year–1 (3.28 Mg ha–1 year–1 for aboveground woody tissues and 3.25 Mg ha–1 year–1 for leaf production), considerably lower than published estimates for the 1956–1965 period at the HBEF. Net ecosystem productivity in this young, second-growth forest is near zero, indicating that it may not be a sink for carbon. Résumé : Nous avons quantifié la dynamique de la strate arborée à la forêt expérimentale de Hubbard Brook, au New Hampshire, pour déterminer pourquoi la biomasse vivante a atteint un plateau vers 1980. La biomasse aérienne totale est passée de 209 à 216 Mg ha–1 an–1 de 1981 à 2001. De 1991 à 2001, le recrutement des arbres de 10 cm et plus (DHP) atteignait en moyenne 4,7 arbres ha–1 an–1 avec une biomasse correspondante de 0,29 Mg ha–1 an–1. La mortalité des arbres de 10 cm et plus au DHP atteignait en moyenne 5,3 arbres ha–1 an–1 (1,12 % des arbres an–1). Les arbres morts représentaient 2,24 Mg ha–1 an–1 de biomasse aérienne de 1991 à 2001. Dans cette forêt, les réservoirs de biomasses constitués des arbres morts debout, des chicots et des débris ligneux grossiers sont actuellement presque à l’état stable avec un temps de résidence respectif de 7,5, 15 et 6,2 ans. Le plafonnement de la biomasse vivante était surtout associé à une plus faible production de matière ligneuse. La productivité primaire nette aérienne a été estimée à 6,53 Mg ha–1 an–1 (3,28 Mg ha–1 an–1 pour la production de tissus ligneux aériens et 3,25 Mg ha–1 an–1 pour la production de feuillage), ce qui est beaucoup plus faible que les estimations publiées pour la période de 1956 à 1965 dans cette forêt expérimentale. La productivité nette de l’écosystème dans cette jeune forêt de seconde venue est presque nulle, ce qui indique qu’elle pourrait ne pas être un puits de carbone. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

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تاریخ انتشار 2007